HOW TO FILL THE VEHICLE WITH HYDROGEN

ROAD FILLING STATION – H2  PRODUCED  BY  ELETTROLYZER

In one or more  20’ container box  (according to  potential H2 capacity that we want ) the following components are installed

H2  GENERATION UNIT  working by means of Electrolysis. This system  (compared to  Reforming, suitable only for big productions) can be started and stopped automatically in any moment, for several times without the need of particular proceduresi and without the assistance of an operator. It is surely the more simple and safe system and the more suitable to the  productionof Hydrogen by means of  Alternative Energies (wind and photovoltaic).

A PURIFICATION DEVICE  acting as DRYER   to make sure that Hydrogen is free from hunidity and  Oxygen.

A  COMPRESSOR  to compress  H2 up to  200/220 Bar(Pressures authorized nowadays in Italy). Higher pressures will be authorized in the future. We are waiting for the Norm that will allow 360 bar pressure.

SAFETY DEVICES   that are controlling  production,  purification,  compression and  delivery.

A GROUP  of containers (optional for smaller stations) for the storage of H2  ALLOWING THE CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION of H2 in the 24 hours ,  regardless vehicles filling time.. Such filling times are similar to the one needed to fill the cylinder of a CNG vehicle.

AGT  Hydrogen  INTRODUCES  A RANGE  OF STATIONS HAVING VARIOUS CAPACITIES’ ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF VEHICLES SUBJECTED  TO BE FILLED WITH HYDROGEN AND HYDROMETHANE.
Please keep in mind that  for the models  MC4 – MN10 – MM20, in lack of storage, Fire Prevention Certificate may not be required.

MC4   HYDROGEN MICRODISTRIBUTOR  type 4/200  (capacity 4Nm3/h)
With 4 Nm3/h in 24 hours  96 Nm3 hydrogen can be produced, to be used  for filling single vehicles  or small fleet  in long time  (i.e..overnight)

Filling Capacity in 24 hours: 3,2  fill-up of pure Hydrogen to FIAT Multipla Bi-fuel or 5 al FIAT Doblò Bifuel.

Using instead a mix of  HYDROMETHANE  (30% H2-70% CNG) it can be performed: 10 fill-up to FIAT Multipla, 17 to Doblò or 24 Panda and 19  Mercedes.

MN10  HYDROGEN MINIDISTRIBUTOR   type 10/200  (capacity 10 Nm3/h)
with 10 Nm3/h in 24 hours can be  produced  240 Nm3 H2  suitable  to fill  8  FIAT Multipla or 13 FIAT Doblò or in case of  Hydromethane H2+CNG  : 26  filling to FIAT Multipla,  44 FIAT  Doblò, 68 FIAT  Panda, 48  Mercedes.

MA20  HYDROGEN DISTRIBUTOR  type  20/200  (capacity 20 Nm3/h)
With 20 Nm3/h in 24 hours can be produced 480 Nm3 H2, suitable for  16 fill-up  to FIAT Multipla or 26 FIAT Doblò  or in case of CNG+H2 mix (Hydromethane) to: 52 filling of FIAT Multipla or 88 FIAT Doblò or 136  Panda or  96  Mercedes.

DD40 HYDROGEN STATION  type 40/200  (capacity 40 Nm3/h)
With 40 Nm3/h in 24 hours 960 Nm3 H2 can be produced  suitable for  32 filling to FIAT Multipla or  64 to FIAT Doblò or CNG+H2 mix (Hydromethane) to: 106 filling to FIAT Multipla,176 to FIAT Doblò, 240 FIAT  Panda, 192  Mercedes.

DH60 ROAD HYDROGEN STATION  type  60/200  (capacity 60 Nm3/h)
With 60 Nm3/h in 24 hours 1440 Nm3 H2 can be produced , suitable for 48 filling to FIAT  Multipla or 80 filling to FIAT Doblò or CNG+H2 mix (Hydromethane) to: 160 filling to FIAT Multipla, 266 to FIAT Doblò, 360 to FIAT  Panda, 288 Mercedes.

HH100 HYDROGEN ROAD STATION type 100/200  (capacity 100 Nm3/h)
With 100 Nm3/h in 24 hours  2400 Nm3 H2 can be produced, suitable for 80  filling to FIAT Multipla or 132 to FIAT Doblò or in case of ACNG+H2  (Hydromethane)  to: 266 filling to FIAT Multipla, 444 to FIAT Doblò, 600 FIAT  Panda, 480  Mercedes.

It would be  antieconomical “, useless overall, to think to install from the beginning  stations of big capacity in area where vehicles running with H2 and CNG+H2 mix  “ARE  STARTING “ to be on the road.  We  suggest therefore to  “START”  with   SMALL CAPACITY” pumps (MM10 o MA20).

The small elettrolytic H2 stations  are assembled on  SKID or in container when the H2 request in the area is increasing, can be  quickly replaced  with larger models and then displaced in other zone where H2 propelled vehicles are starting to be on the road.
For cylinders charge , a H2 delivering column is used, having pistol very similar to the one used for CNG but obviously specific for  Hydrogen. Also  the timing needed  to make a filling fare “il pieno” is similar to CNG ( 3÷4 minutes).

From the application  of current Norms (Law Decree published on Official Gazette N°213 dated September 13th 2006) the Box for  Hydrogen production can be installed in the existing Fuel Stations  (or for small fleet in  private spaces, judged suitable by VVF and ARPAT).

It would be appropriate that in very big towns, in order to avoid to the vehicles to run  long distances to reach the outskirts of the town, the competent Authorities  would allow the positioning of the H2 Station  in strategical central points such as  public gardens and green areas
Esemple:  Sempione Park  and former General Fruit Market in Milano; Eur and  Olimpic area  in Rome,  Cascine Park in Firenze, etc..

POSITIONING OF THE ECOLOGICAL FILLING STATION
The Norms nowadays are making compulsory the positioning  of Low Impact Fuel Delivery Stations   (Methane, LPG,) to be placed on the outskirts of the towns obliging the environment-friendly driver to run for several kilometers from town center to reach the filling station.
Such norms could make sense  years ago when danger risks with inflammable gas management was higher  . LPG and CNG proved to be SAFE nowadays  and therte is no more need to relegate Gas filling stations

in the outskirts
Even for  H2  (who has energetic power  2/3 lower than CNG) it is necessary to overcome  the  idea of the “very dangerous”  (named “Zeppelin effect”) and avoid toh ave H2 penalized by an excess of safety criteria  (distances inside the station, positioning in the outskirts, ecc).

It is necessary to ease the filling to the category of drivers that are using vehicles mainly in the town that will hardly choose environment friendly  cars if they are forced to go out-town to do an environment-friendly fuel filling.

SAFETY

We wish to remember hereby that from the year 1900 soon after  2° world war, that is  before “methane-wide-use” , the so called “town gas” it was a mix of H2 and CO.

VEHICLES

In this first phase of  “adaptation” to H2 the following vehicles have been used :  FIAT Multipla, Mercedes E, Mercedes B, FIAT Panda, FIAT Doblò.
Besides  the  vehicles charged with CNG that are designed toh ave on board cylinders  for compressed gas, other  that can be  modified  for  H2 are the vans used in city centers (such as  DHL, Mail Service etc.…). These vehicles today are all front wheel drive  and therefore with loading plane very low; therefore cylinders can be positioned on the loading plane and the goods be loaded on a 2° plane . The volume loss it is about 0,5 m3 (25 cm of loading plane)

H2 FILLING STATION  FOR SINGLE  VEHICLE  OR  FOR SMALL  FLEET
Beside the installation of proper Road Service Stations , AGT Hydrogen division is in a position to supplì systems allowing to fill single vehicles or small fleets.
Since  usually  95% of cars is not on the roads during the night, it could be quite economical to fill-up hydrogen at running costs lower than diesel , without creating problems of electric energy supply. In fact  electric energy producers are facing technical problems during the night to decrease the energy production (because electric energy generation system is very rigid )and therefore holiday and night supply is promoted  by application of special discounts up to 50% to the users ( chemical industry, iron industry, ecc. )
Another solution is to use PHOTOVOLTAIC panels that nowadays  have quotations 10 times lower compared to 10÷15 years ago.
It is possible to purchase a photovoltaic group of 1000 kW at a price of about 500.000 euro against 6÷8 milioni of 20 years ago.